美國是中國外貿(mào)出口大國之一,因此中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)對于中國的外貿(mào)企業(yè)受到的波及還是較大的,中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的原因是什么呢?未來階段這種情況是否還會持續(xù)惡化?對于外貿(mào)企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)展開是否會帶來更深遠(yuǎn)層面的影響呢?這也是當(dāng)下很多國內(nèi)外貿(mào)用戶較為關(guān)心的話題,首先來了解一下,一些國際專家對于這一類型問題是怎樣認(rèn)知的。
世界五百強企業(yè)之一的RELIANCE INDUSTRIES銷售部海外貿(mào)易負(fù)責(zé)人John Jones是這樣評論的:“t is unfair to the United States and causes unemployment of many U. s.workers, because the media and trump themselves accept all the trade warfare at all, and because the United States cannot accept the trade surplus between China and the United States. Created a trade war. Trade fairness and surplus deficit are not related to trade surplus. China has never felt unfair because of trade deficits in many countries.”
從其評述中可以看到這樣一個關(guān)鍵性的詞匯,那就是貿(mào)易順差問題,從這一影響可以看到此前階段對于中國外貿(mào)企業(yè)而言,明顯是不占據(jù)任何優(yōu)勢的,但是在后期階段隨著中國產(chǎn)品的出口量不斷增加,美國自身的一些企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品銷售時,由于其人工成本較高問題而導(dǎo)致國內(nèi)的企業(yè)產(chǎn)品銷售額度在不斷降低,這就出現(xiàn)了負(fù)面影響,導(dǎo)致這一類型的企業(yè)在市場競爭中不占據(jù)任何優(yōu)勢,美國企業(yè)自然不希望這種類型問題發(fā)生,而美國政府又是以財團(tuán)支持為核心的政府機(jī)構(gòu),因此這才有了中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)問題。
著名法國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家阿爾弗雷亞站在美國現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟(jì)體系狀況問題對中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)問題展開了評述:“I think that if the US cuts off the trade channels of Chinese companies, China will probably wake up with a smile in a dream: China is the largest trading country in more than 120 countries in the world (only 70s in the US), all of which are inextricably linked to trade with China, and China needs them to join China's cross-border RMB settlement system.If the US were to close the cross-border settlement system of Chinese dollar companies, Now many countries are very indignant at the fact that the US is using domestic laws to freeze the offices of commercial settlement of some companies and countries and is also building their own cross-border settlement systems.
這說明什么問題呢?該經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在美國現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟(jì)體系以及其貨幣機(jī)制問題方面進(jìn)行了深入的闡述,如果在中美外貿(mào)戰(zhàn)爭之中,美國在全方位都處于下風(fēng)的狀態(tài)下,會側(cè)重考慮到切斷中國外貿(mào)企業(yè)的貿(mào)易結(jié)算通道,出現(xiàn)這種狀況之后就會導(dǎo)致中國的外貿(mào)針對美國的產(chǎn)品銷售整體崩盤,但一旦出現(xiàn)這種問題就會出現(xiàn)殺敵八百自損一千的狀況,對于美國自身而言得不償失,一旦產(chǎn)生這種狀況,中國就會要求美國加入人民幣的跨境結(jié)算系統(tǒng)之中,最終在外貿(mào)領(lǐng)域中,美國更不占據(jù)主導(dǎo)優(yōu)勢,將會失去外貿(mào)主導(dǎo)話語權(quán)。
中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)看似只是中美兩國之間的問題,實際上中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)對于歐洲以及亞太地區(qū)都造成了一定的影響,歐洲知名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者Laurence在2019年所發(fā)布的學(xué)術(shù)專著《The impact of Sino US trade war on Britain and Germany.》之中對于中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)對于英國以及德國外貿(mào)產(chǎn)品銷售所造成的影響進(jìn)行了闡述,在其所撰寫的這篇學(xué)術(shù)文章之中,選擇了德國50家進(jìn)出口外貿(mào)公司和法國的50家外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口公司,對其產(chǎn)品銷售數(shù)據(jù)以及在中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)后的產(chǎn)品營業(yè)業(yè)績、銷售利潤等進(jìn)行了深層的分析,在分析中得出這樣的結(jié)論“The launch of the trade war between Europe and the United States is extremely unfavorable to the United States, which not only causes its own enterprises to increase the sales price of the restricted products in the import and export trade, but also causes the sales of products in France, Germany and many other countries to be affected, involving the purchase of products from China can effectively reduce the local consumption level, the same type of clothing, clothing and hats And the price comparison of local production and foreign trade products, such as food, can be seen that the impact on foreign trade enterprises in the state of tariff increase is great, and this impact directly affects the local people's lives.”
從這位學(xué)者所做的調(diào)查之中可以看到,中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)最終發(fā)展到最后,不僅美國本土?xí)艿接绊?,涉及和中國外貿(mào)企業(yè)有業(yè)務(wù)展開的歐洲、美洲國家都會受到這一類型問題的波及,因此這位學(xué)者最終得出的結(jié)論是,中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)對于美國所造成的負(fù)面影響要遠(yuǎn)大于中國,貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的時間持續(xù)越久,美國在這一問題中所會受到的負(fù)面影響也就會越大。
事實上得出相同結(jié)論的學(xué)者還有很多,中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)展開中所波及的歐洲市場受到了嚴(yán)重的影響,特別是德國以及法國等諸多國家,雖然這一問題目前所造成的影響還是在可控范圍之內(nèi),但如果美國依然持續(xù)進(jìn)行不當(dāng)舉措,后期階段歐洲的諸多國家以美洲的部分國家都會受到不可逆的嚴(yán)重影響,這也是各國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者紛紛譴責(zé)美國政府的關(guān)鍵原因。